Carbureter.



W. R. CLARK."

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, 1912. 1,172,432. Patented Feb. 22,1916.

@ k 25 N N WITNESSES INVEN'I'OR WILLIAM R. CLARK, OF SPOKANE,WASHINGTON.

CARBU-RETEP Specification of Letters Yatent.

yatented Feb 22, 1918.

Application filed June 13, 1912. Serial No. 704,399.

To all "whom it may concern:

lie it known that I, \VILLIAM R. CLARK, citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Spokane, in the county of Spokane and State ofWashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCarburetors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to carburetors and has for its object to providean improved construction and arrangement whereby the range of internalcombustion engine operation is greatly increased, so that the carbureterwill respond to all variations in op erating conditions of the engine toautomatically cause the preparation of the proper gas supply for eachcondition. I have provided a very simple construction whereby acarburetor may be readily adjusted from the operation of an engine andwhen once adjusted to an engine is adjusted for all conditions for suchengine as relates to speed, atmospheric or other conditions.

My improved device will be hereinafter particularly described andillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is avertical sectional view of the device and of a float feeding mechanism,and 1 2, is a broken-away top view of the internal construction of thedevice.

There is provided a fuel receptacle having a chamber 10 into which theliquid fuel, such as gasolene, is fed through an opening 11 controlledby a needle valve 15 having a threaded portion 1st to which there isapplied a nut 13 embraced by one end of a lever 16 pivoted at 17. Theother end of the lever is attached to a float 18 mounted loosely upon astem 18. The float and float chamber, together with the parts controlledby and controlling the float, may be taken as indicative of any suitablestructure for maintaining a substantially of fuel.

The carburetor proper has a body portion 19 inclosing a chamber 20tapering toward one end, and, as it'is customary to install thecarbureter in an upright position, the chamber 20 may be described astapering toward the upper end, and other expressions of position will beused with regard to'the installed position of the carburetor. The upperend of the .ehamber20 oaens into a mixing chamber 21 which is 'ma'erially enlarged in comparison with the smaller. upper end of the.chamber 20 and is of :g'enerally constant level The chamber 21 isprovided at the end remote from the chamber 20 with a tubular neck 22mto which there is inserted a tubular member 23 which may be screwedinto the'neck 22, or be attached thereto in any suitable manner, andthis tubular member 23 terminates at the end remote from the chamber 21in a laterally extending flange 27, by means of which the carbureter maybe attaehedto an engine or to a manifold leading to an engine. Thetubular member 23 has a passage 26 extending therethrough, and in thispassage there is mounted a th ottle disk or valve upon an operatingshaft 24-, as is customary, for regulating the passage of the explosivemixture from the mixing chamber to the engine.

The lower wide end of the body portion 19 of the carburetor has anannular plug 29 inserted therein, usually by appropriately threadingboth the plug and the interior wall of the body portion 19 of thecarbureter. This annular plug 29, which may be of disk form, has an airopening at the lower face and carries a tubular member 28 rising throughthe chamber 20 approximately concentric therewith and terminat mg 111 aportion 42 of smaller diameter at the upper end close to the opening ofthe' chamber 20 into the chamber 21. This tubular member 28 may bedescribed as a Venturi tube. I

Extending through the plug 29 is a series of passages 31 counter-boredat their upper ends, as indicated at 30, each counterbore receiving aball 32 of a size to move freely in the counterbore, but of greaterdiameter than the respective passage or bore 31, so that each ball 32serves as a valve for the respective bore 31. The counterbores andcorresponding balls 32v vary in size and the balls correspondingly varyin weight. The lower ends of the passages 31 open to the atmospherethrough a perforated plate or screen' 34, while the upper ends of thecoun terbores 30 are covered by aperforated plate or screen 33, thelatter serving to hold the balls in thecounterbores from escapetherefrom, While'notinterfering materially with the passage of air,therethrough.

The float chamber. casing is indicated at' 36, and this chamber isconnected to the.

body portion 19 of the carburcter by a Web 35. Extending at an upwardangle through the web 35 is a passage 37 having the lowerend 38 threadedfor the reception of a screw plug it), and this passage 37 opens intothe chamber 20 through an. aperture 39. Adapted to the passage 37 is atube 40 having one end 40 larger than the aperture 39 and the other end40 of reduced diameter, and of a length to project through a passage 41.in the tube '28,.while the end 10 is of a length to terminate at aboutthe-longitudinal. center line of the tube 28, Where the tube 40 isreduced to the portion 40 there is formed a shoulder 4sadapted to bearagainst a seat 45 to form a gas-tight joint, being there held by theplug 46 shaped to receive the end of the tube 40 ren'iote from theextension 40*, and center the tube in the passage 37, which latter oflarger diameter than the tube to form sin-annular chamber thcreabout,which chamliieir is in communication with thechamber 10 by a passageway47. Extendmg through the tube 40 is central. passageway 410coininunicating with the exterior of the ibc through laterals 40 sosituated as to b l a line with the passageway 47 when the tube 10. isseated in the passage 37. Liquid fuel such gasolene, finds its way fromthe float chamber 10 through the passage al? into the passage 37, andfrom. thence through the laterals 40 into the passage 4-0, while thelevel of fuel within the chamber 10 is such as to reach closely to theopening 4-3 of the passage 4L0" at the upper end thereof,

The mixing chamber is so placed and constructed that the direct orprimary air is drawn in through the Vcnturi tube by the suction of theengine, and passing across the opening 43 of the fuel tube or nozzlewhich is placed at a. forty-live degree angle to the longitudinal centerline ol the Venturi tube, thereby causes the fuel, which l'or convenicnce of description may be considered as gasolcne, to "form into'aspray, which spray because of the angle of the tube and the speed of theair at the contracted end of the tube closely approaches what may betermed a perfect spray.

The inlet end of tho Vcnturi tube at the bottom of the plug ring 29 isof the same diameter as the passage 26 through the member 23 containingthe butterfly valve 25. As soon as the air stream with the gasolenespray passes the contracted upper end of thc Vcnturi tube it expandsinto the mixing chamber and there because of the curved sides of themixing chamber and the greater diameter thcrcol than either the mouth ofthe Vcnturi tube or the passage 26 the mixture of direct air andgasolcnc expands and rolls or whirls around becommg thoroughly mixed,while the total amount discharged into the mixing chamber does not passto the engine, but temporarily remains in said mixing chamber, thisbeing due to the considerably smaller diameter of the outlet passage 26with respect to the diameter of the mixing chamber. In the next suctionstroke of the engine more air and gasolene are drawn into the mixingchamber becoming intermixed with the air and gasolene already therein,and this action is repeated on every pulsation of the motor forming avery intimate and thorough fuel mixture.

The indirect or secondary air is drawn into the mixing chamber as neededat the same time that the primary air and gasolenc spray are drawn intoit through the Venturi tube, but thc secondary air is drawn in. throughthe series of ball valves, and

passes up and around thc outside of the Von-- turi tube and into themixing chamber and there takes the same whirling or rolling m0- tion'asthe primary air and gasolene spray. This secondary air-is admittedthrough the ball valves in accordance with the suction demands of themotor. When the engine is running at low speed and the throttle valve isonly partly opened, but a limited number of balls are lifted from theirseats allowing a corresponding amount of secondary air to pass to themixing chamber. lVhcn the throttle valve is further opened and more airis required, a largernumber of balls is lifted from the seats, and soon, until the engine is running at its full speed and power, and thereverse of this is also true. The screens prevent access of anyparticles through the ball valve openings which would. be harmful to theengine.

By having the balls of dilferent sizes and weights there is secured surha fine adjustment of air that a perfect mixture is obtaincdnutoniatically, so that the motor may be sloWcll down to so slow aspeed, yet 1'etaining its power, that it is almost noiseless in runningand its vibration is reduced to a n'iinimurn. 7

it has been Found from actual experience that gasolcnc drawn from apcrpciulicularly placed nozzle does not form into a spray because theair stream flowing under subatmos 'ihcric pressure entirely surroundsthe nozzle and the gasolcne is drawn from the nozzle as a continuousstream rather than as a spray, but when the nozzle enters the air streamat an angle of substantially forty five degrees to the flow of the airstream the desired spray is produced.

The nozzle is a one-piece structiu'e with a longitudinal hole ofrelatively large diamcter borrd through. the larger portion of thenozzle, and from thence to the tip of the nozzle the hole is of suchsize as will. best suit the size of the motor to be run. By making thenozzles intcrcllangcable the proper size of nozzle for the engine can beamass";

installed in a carbureter, and thereafter no change is necessary, therebelng no valves at all to adjust except the throttle valve. at

the outlet end of the carbureter, While the passage through the nozzleis wholly free and unimpeded. The earbureter will operate equally wellregardless of latitude or climatic conditions, and there are noadjustments to be made either for air or gasolene. The side walls of thechamber 20 approach toward the mixing chamber, and hence the secondaryair is forced around and over the mouth of the Venturi tube.

The nozzle is held in place by the cuplilre plug d6 which is freelyaccessible at all times outside the body of the carbureter, and on theremoval of this plug the nozzle will either gravitate from thecarbureter 'ormay be very easily removed therefrom and another nozzleput in its place if such be needed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and useful anddesireto secure by Letters-Patent, is,

1. A carbureter for explosion engines prorided with a Venturi tubehaving the larger cud freely open to the atmosphere, a fuel nozzleentering the tube near the smaller end and directed theretoward at anangle to the longitudinal center line of'the tube, a laterally expandedmixing chamber at substantially the entrance end of which the smallerend of the Venturi tube terminates and freely communicates, and asecondary air duct surrounding the Venturi tube from the .inlet of thelatter to andcommunicat ing with the entrance end of the expansionchamber in surrounding relation to the outlet end of the Venturi tube.

A carburetor for explosion engines comprising a body portion inclosing achamber tapering toward one end and then laterally expanding to form amixing chamber in turn contracting toward the end remote from thefirst-named chamber, a Venturi tube extending centrally through thetapering. portion'of the first-named chamber with its smaller endterminating substantially at and discharging freely into the enteringend of the laterally expanded mixing chamber in spaced relation to thewalls of the smaller end of the first-named chamber, and means forintroducing fuel into the Venturi tube.

A carbureter comprising a body portion int-losing a chamber taperingtoward one end, a. substantially oblate spheroidal mixing chamber intowhich the smaller end of the taperingchamber opens, a Vonturi tubeextending substantially centrally through the tapering portion of thefirstnamod chamber with its smaller end stop ping close to anddischarging freely into the entering end of the mixing chamber in spacedrelation to the walls of the small end of the first-named chamber, andmeans for introducing fuel into the Venturi tube.

4. A earbureter comprising a body portion inclosing a chamber taperingtoward one end, a substantially oblate spheroidal mixing chamber-intowhich the smallerend of the tapering chamber opens,aVenturi tubeextending substantially centrally through the tapering portion of thefirstnamed chamber with its smaller end stopping close to anddischarging freely into the entering end of the mixing chamber'winspaced relation to the walls of the small end of the first-namedchamber, and means for introducing fuel into the-Venturi tube, said fuelintroducing means being in.the form of a nozzle entering the Venturitube in substantially forty-five degree relation to the longitudinalaxis of the Venturi tube and terminating adjacent to the smaller openend of the Venturi tube.

5. A carbureter for explosion engines comprising a body portioninclosing a chem ber tapering toward one end, and a laterallyexpandedmixing chamber in free commu: nication with the small end of thetapering chamber, an annular plug at the larger end of the first-namedchamber-carrying a centrally located Venturi tube terminating With itssmall end closely adjacent to the entering end of and freely openinginto the mixing chamber and there spaced from the inner wall of thesmall end of the first-named chamber, the plug having means for theentrance of air therethrough into the firstnamed chamber, and means forthe intro-' duction of fuel. into the Venturi tube.

6. A carburetor for explosion engines comprising a body portioni'nclosing a chamber tapering toward one end and a laterally expandedmixing chamber into which the small end of the first-named chamber 0ens, an annular plug at the larger end 0 'the first-named chambercarrying a centrally located Venturi -tube terminating with its smallend closely adjacent to and freely opening into the mixing chamber andspaced the first-named chamber carrying a centrally located Venturi tubeterminating with its small end closely adjacent to and dischargingfreely Into the entering end of the mixing chamber andspaced from theinner Wall the small end of the first-named chamber, said plug having anannular series of passagesthrough it around the inlet end of thev'enturi tube, and said passages being provided. with valves diflerentlyresponsive to air pressure, and means for the introduction of fuel intothe Venturi tube.

8. A. .carbureter for explosion engines comprising a one-piece bodyportion in closing a chamber tapering toward one end and a substantiallyoblate spheroidal mixing chamber into which the small end of thefirst-named chamber freely opens, an annular plug at the larger end ofthe first-- named chamber carrying a centrally located \j'enturi tube inone piece with the plug and terminating with its small end closelyadjacent to and freely discharging into the mixing chamber and therespaced from the inner wall of the small end of the firstnained chamber,said plug having pas iges through it around. the air inlet of theVenturi tube, and said passages having ball valves of different sizesand. diil'erent responsiveness to air pressure, a fuel nozzle enteringthe Yenturi tube and terminating adjacent to the small end thereof, saidnozzle being directed toward the outlet end of the Yenturi tube at anangle thereto, and. a tubular neck at the outlet end of the mixingchamber, said neck being of substantially the diameter of the inlet endoi the Venturi tube,

I 9. A carburetor for explosion engines comprising a body portioninelosing a chamber tapering'toward one end and a substantially oblatespheroidal mixing chamber into which the small end of the first-namedcha1n-- ber freely opens, an annula plug at the larger end of thefirst-named chamber oarrying a centrally located Vent'uri'tubeterminating with its small end adjacent to and ireely opening into themixing chamber and there spaced from the inner wall of the small end ofthe first-named chamber, said plug having passages through it around.the air inlet of the Venturi tube, and said passages having ball valvesof dififerent sizes .and dill'erent responsiveness to air pressure,

a fuel nozzle entering the Venturi tube and terminating adjacent to thesmall end thereof, said nozzle being directed toward the outlet end ofthe Venturi tube at an angle thereto, and a tubular neck at the outletend of the mixing chamber, said neck being of substantially the diameterof the inlet end of the Venturi tube, and said neck being provided witha throttle valve.

10. A carbui'eter provided with a Venturi tube having the larger endfreely open to the atmosphere and constituting the sole inlet forprimary air to the carburetor, a fuel nozzle entering the Venturi tubeand terminating at the smaller end of said tube,

I a laterally expanded mixing chamber into which the Venturi tube freelydischarges, a secondary air duct surrounding the Ven turi tube and alsofreely discharging into the mixing chamber in surrounding relation tothe discharge end of the Venturi tube, and a series of ball valves ofditlerent responsiveness to air pressure and located at the inlet end ofthe secondary air duct in surrounding relation to the primary airinletend of the Venturi tube.

In testimony whereof I allix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

lVIL LIAM R. CLARK. lVitnesses Gno. E. CAnrmLn, WILLIAM H. KAYn.

